ASTM A53 and ASME SA53 standards apply to pipes used in mechanical and pressure-related applications, as well as general purposes such as steam, water, gas, and air lines. These pipes are designed for welding and various forming processes, including coiling, bending, and flanging, provided certain criteria are met.
The A53 specification covers both seamless and welded pipes, available in black or hot-dipped galvanized finishes, with nominal wall thickness. These pipes are suitable for specialized forming operations and welding, although continuous-welded pipes are not recommended for flanging. The intended purpose of the pipe should be specified when ordering.
Materials and Manufacturing Process
The steel used for both seamless and welded pipes must be produced through one or more of the following methods: open-hearth, electric furnace, or basic oxygen process. For Grade B electric-resistance welded pipes, the weld seam must undergo heat treatment after the welding process.
Chemical Requirements
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Type S
(seamless)
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Type E
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Type F
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(electric-
resistance welded)
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(furnace-
welded pipe)
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Grade A
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Grade B
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Grade A
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Grade B
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Grade A
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Carbon max. %
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0.25
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0.30*
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0.25
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0.30*
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0.3
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Manganese %
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0.95
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1.2
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0.95
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1.2
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1.2
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Phosphorous, max. %
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0.05
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0.05
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0.05
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0.05
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0.05
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Sulfur, max. %
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0.045
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0.045
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0.045
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0.045
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0.045
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Copper, max.%
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0.40
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0.40
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0.40
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0.40
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0.4
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Nickel, max. %
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0.40
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0.40
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0.40
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0.40
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0.4
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Chromium, max. %
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0.40
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0.40
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0.40
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0.40
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0.4
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Molybdenum, max. %
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0.15
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0.15
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0.15
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0.15
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0.15
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Vanadium, max. %
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0.08
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0.08
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0.08
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0.08
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0.08
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*For each reduction below 0.01% below the specified carbon maximum, an increase of 0.06% manganese above the specified maximum will be permitted up to a maximum of 1.65% (does not apply to SA53).
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Permissible Variations in Wall Thickness
The minimum wall thickness at any point shall not be more than 12.5% under the nominal wall thickness specified.
Permissible Variations in Weights per Foot
Plus or minus 10%
Permissible Variations in Outside Diameter
Outside Diameter at any point shall not vary from standard specified more than:
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For NPS 1 1/2 and Smaller Sizes
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For NPS 2 and Larger Sizes
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1/64″ over
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1/64″ under
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1% over
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1% under
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Tensile Requirements
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Seamless and Electric-resistance-welded
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Continuous-Welded
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Grade A
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Grade B
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Tensile Strength, min., psi
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48,000
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60,000
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45,000
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Yield Strength, min., psi
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30,000
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35,000
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25,000
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Hydrostatic Testing
Hydrostatic inspection test pressures for plain end and threaded and coupled pipe are specified. Hydrostatic pressure shall be maintained for not less than 5 seconds for all sizes of seamless and electric-resistance-weld pipe.
Mechanical Tests Specified
Tensile Test — Transverse required on ERW for NPS 8 and larger.
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Degree of Bend
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Diameter of Mandrel
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For Normal A53 Uses
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90
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12 x nom dia. of pipe
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For Close Coiling
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180
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8 x nom dia. of pipe
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Flattening Test — NPS 2 and larger XM and lighter walls.
Lengths
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Standard Weight
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Single Random — 16′ – 22′. 5% may be jointers. If Plain Ends — 5% may be 12′ – 16′.
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Double Random — Shortest Length 22′, minimum average for order 35′.
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Extra Strong and Double Extra Strong
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Single Random — 12′ -22′. 5% may be 6′ – 12′.
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Double Random (XS and lighter) — Shortest Length 22′, minimum average for order 35′.
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Lengths longer than single random with wall thicknesses heavier than XS subject to negotiation.
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