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Grade A
X42
X52
X60
X70
Grade B
X46
X56
X65
X80
Before purchasing an API 5L line pipe, it is important to check the size and dimensions of the line pipe to ensure that it meets the required standards. The dimensions and masses of API 5L line pipes are specified in ISO 4200 and ASME B36.10M. These standards provide a guide for different size pipes and specify the wall thickness of each size. To check if a particular pipe meets the required standards, refer to these tables. Doing so will help to ensure that the pipe is the right size and has the correct wall thickness.
| Nominal Pipe Size (NPS) | Outside Diameter | Nominal Wall Thickness | |||||||||||||||
| DN | Inch | mm | SCH5S | SCH10S | SCH10 | SCH20 | SCH30 | SCH40 | SCH60 | SCH80 | SCH100 | SCH120 | SCH140 | SCH160 | STD | XS | XXS |
| 6 | 1/8″ | 10.3 | – | 1.24 | – | – | – | 1.73 | – | 2.42 | – | – | – | – | 1.73 | 2.41 | – |
| 8 | 1/4″ | 13.7 | – | 1.65 | – | – | – | 2.24 | – | 3.02 | – | – | – | – | 2.24 | 3.02 | – |
| 10 | 3/8″ | 17.1 | – | 1.65 | – | – | – | 2.31 | – | 3.2 | – | – | – | – | 2.31 | 3.2 | – |
| 15 | 1/2″ | 21.3 | 1.65 | 2.11 | – | – | – | 2.77 | – | 3.73 | – | – | – | 4.78 | 2.77 | 3.73 | 7.47 |
| 20 | 3/4″ | 26.7 | 1.65 | 2.11 | – | – | – | 2.87 | – | 3.91 | – | – | – | 5.56 | 2.87 | 3.91 | 7.82 |
| 25 | 1″ | 33.4 | 1.65 | 2.77 | – | – | – | 3.38 | – | 4.55 | – | – | – | 6.35 | 3.38 | 4.55 | 9.09 |
| 32 | 1 1/4″ | 42.2 | 1.65 | 2.77 | – | – | – | 3.56 | – | 4.85 | – | – | – | 6.35 | 3.58 | 4.85 | 9.7 |
| 40 | 1 1/2″ | 48.3 | 1.65 | 2.77 | – | – | – | 3.68 | – | 5.05 | – | – | – | 7.14 | 3.68 | 5.08 | 10.15 |
| 50 | 2″ | 60.3 | 1.65 | 2.77 | – | – | – | 3.91 | – | 5.54 | – | – | – | 8.74 | 3.91 | 5.54 | 11.07 |
| 65 | 2 1/2″ | 73 | 2.11 | 3.05 | – | – | – | 5.16 | – | 7.01 | – | – | – | 9.53 | 5.16 | 7.01 | 14.02 |
| 80 | 3″ | 88.9 | 2.11 | 3.05 | – | – | – | 5.49 | – | 7.62 | – | – | – | 11.13 | 5.49 | 7.52 | 15.24 |
| 90 | 3 1/2″ | 101.6 | 2.11 | 3.05 | – | – | – | 5.74 | – | 8.08 | – | – | – | – | 5.74 | 8.08 | – |
| 100 | 4″ | 114.3 | 2.11 | 3.05 | – | – | – | 6.02 | – | 8.58 | – | 11.13 | – | 13.49 | 6.02 | 8.56 | 17.12 |
| 125 | 5″ | 141.3 | 2.77 | 3.4 | – | – | – | 6.55 | – | 9.53 | – | 12.7 | – | 15.88 | 6.55 | 9.53 | 18.05 |
| 150 | 6″ | 168.3 | 2.77 | 3.4 | – | – | – | 7.11 | – | 10.97 | – | 14.27 | – | 18.26 | 7.11 | 10.97 | 21.95 |
| 200 | 8″ | 219.1 | 2.77 | 3.76 | – | 6.35 | 7.04 | 8.18 | 10.31 | 12.7 | 15.09 | 18.26 | 20.62 | 23.01 | 8.18 | 12.7 | 22.23 |
| 250 | 10″ | 273.1 | 3.4 | 4.19 | – | 6.35 | 7.8 | 9.27 | 12.7 | 15.09 | 18.26 | 21.44 | 25.4 | 28.58 | 9.27 | 12.7 | 25.4 |
| 300 | 12″ | 323.9 | 3.96 | 4.57 | – | 6.35 | 8.38 | 10.31 | 14.27 | 17.48 | 21.44 | 25.4 | 28.58 | 33.32 | 9.53 | 12.7 | 25.4 |
| 350 | 14″ | 355.5 | 3.96 | 4.78 | 6.35 | 7.92 | 9.53 | 11.13 | 15.09 | 19.05 | 23.83 | 27.79 | 31.75 | 35.71 | 9.53 | 12.7 | – |
| 400 | 16″ | 406.4 | 4.19 | 4.78 | 6.35 | 7.92 | 9.53 | 12.7 | 16.66 | 21.44 | 26.19 | 30.96 | 36.53 | 40.49 | 9.53 | 12.7 | – |
| 450 | 18″ | 457.2 | 4.19 | 4.78 | 6.35 | 7.92 | 11.13 | 14.27 | 19.05 | 23.83 | 29.36 | 34.93 | 39.67 | 45.24 | 9.53 | 12.7 | – |
| 500 | 20″ | 508 | 4.78 | 5.54 | 6.35 | 9.53 | 12.7 | 15.09 | 20.62 | 26.19 | 32.54 | 38.1 | 44.45 | 50.01 | 9.53 | 12.7 | – |
| 550 | 22″ | 558.8 | 4.78 | 5.54 | 6.35 | 9.53 | 12.7 | – | 22.23 | 28.58 | 34.93 | 41.28 | 47.63 | 53.98 | 9.53 | 12.7 | – |
| 600 | 24″ | 609.6 | 5.54 | 6.35 | 6.35 | 9.53 | 14.27 | 17.48 | 24.61 | 30.96 | 38.89 | 46.02 | 52.37 | 59.54 | 9.53 | 12.7 | – |
| 650 | 26″ | 660.4 | – | – | 7.92 | 12.7 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 9.53 | 12.7 | – |
| 700 | 28″ | 711.6 | – | – | 7.92 | 12.7 | 15.88 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 9.53 | 12.7 | – |
| 750 | 30″ | 762 | 6.35 | 7.92 | 7.92 | 12.7 | 15.88 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 9.53 | 12.7 | – |
| 800 | 32″ | 812.8 | – | – | 7.92 | 12.7 | 15.88 | 17.48 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 9.53 | 12.7 | – |
| 850 | 34″ | 863.6 | – | – | 7.92 | 12.7 | 15.88 | 17.48 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 9.53 | 12.7 | – |
| 900 | 36″ | 914.4 | – | – | 7.92 | 12.7 | 15.88 | 19.05 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 9.53 | 12.7 | – |
| 950 | 38″ | 965.2 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 9.53 | 12.7 | – |
| 1000 | 40″ | 1015 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 9.53 | 12.7 | – |
| 1050 | 42″ | 1066.8 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 9.53 | 12.7 | – |
| 1100 | 44″ | 1117.6 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 9.53 | 12.7 | – |
| 1150 | 46″ | 1188.4 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 9.53 | 12.7 | – |
| 1200 | 48″ | 1219.2 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | |||
- API 5L PSL-1 Chemical Component
- API 5L PSL-2 Chemical Component
- API 5L PSL-1 Mechanical Properties
- API 5L PSL-2 Mechanical Properties
- API 5L Outside Diameter and Out of Roundness Tolerance
- API 5L Wall Thickness Tolerances
- API 5L Length Tolerances
According to the requirements outlined in API 5L, random lengths of line pipe shall be delivered within the tolerances given below, and approximate lengths must be delivered within ± 500 mm (20 in.). Additionally, if the supply of jointers is agreed upon, jointers comprising two pieces welded together to make a length shorter than 15.0 m (49.2 ft) may be furnished to a maximum of 5 % of the order item, or as agreed. Jointers comprising three pieces welded together to make a length 15.0 m (49.2 ft) or longer may also be furnished for the entire order item or any portion thereof, though this is limited to a maximum of 5 % of the order item as well. These requirements ensure that line pipes are of the correct length and can be properly joined together when necessary.
The American Petroleum Institute’s (API) steel grades for line pipe standardize the chemistry and mechanical properties of the material used to manufacture line pipe. All line pipe produced under an API specification must adhere to the requirements set forth by the standard. The most common grades of API 5L steel are Grades B, X42, X52, X60, and X65. The number that follows the “X” indicates the minimum yield strength of the pipe in thousands of pounds per square inch (PSI). For example, X42 line pipe must have a minimum yield strength of 42,000 PSI. Line pipe is most frequently used in oil and gas transportation applications. However, it can also be used for water transport, building construction, and other industrial applications. Steel grades are an important part of understanding line pipe performance and selecting the right material for a specific application.
There are multiple grades of API 5L steel available, each with different yield strength and tensile strength ratings. The most common grades for line pipes are:
* Grade X52 – has a minimum yield strength of 52 ksi (365 MPa) and a minimum ultimate tensile strength of 66 ksi (460 MPa)
* Grade X56 – has a minimum yield strength of 56 ksi (390 MPa) and a minimum ultimate tensile strength of 71 ksi (490 MPa)
* Grade X60 – has a minimum yield strength of 60 ksi (415 MPa) and a minimum ultimate tensile strength of 75 ksi (515 MPa)
* Grade X65 – has a minimum yield strength of 65 ksi (450 MPa) and a minimum ultimate tensile strength of 77 ksi (525 MPa).
Pipelines transporting categories A, B, or X fluids must be constructed from steel materials that have an area under the stress-strain curve that meets the requirements specified in the material standard. The specified minimum yield and tensile strengths “represent the point on the Stress
- Hydrostatic Test
A hydrostatic test is a type of pressure test that is commonly used during the production of line pipes. The test is used to check for leaks in the weld seam or pipe body. To conduct the test, water is pumped into the pipe until it reaches a predetermined pressure. The pipe is then monitored for any leaks. If a leak is detected, the pipe will need to be repaired or replaced. The hydrostatic test is an important quality control measure that helps to ensure the safety and integrity of pipes.
- Bending Test
A bending test is a type of quality control test that is performed during steel pipe production. The purpose of the test is to check for cracks in the welds, as well as to assess the strength of the steel. To perform the test, a sample piece of pipe is bent into a U-shape. The steel is then examined for cracks or other signs of weakness. If any are found, the entire batch of steel pipes will be scrapped and a new batch will be made. However, if the bending test proves successful, the steel pipes will be approved for use.
- Flattening Test
A flattening test is a steel line pipe production test that assesses a steel tube’s resistance to deformation and cracking under stress. It is an important quality control measure that helps ensure the steel used in line pipe products is of the highest possible quality. The test involves applying pressure to a steel tube until it deforms or cracks. The flattening test will reveal the pipe’s resistance to longitudinal and circumferential cracking. The results of the test help determine the steel’s strength and ductility, two important properties for steel used in line pipe applications. Flattening tests are just one of many quality control measures that are used during steel line pipe production, but they play an important role in ensuring the safety and integrity of the final product.
- CVN Impact Test
The CVN impact test is a temperature test that is conducted during pipe production in order to ensure the mechanical properties of the pipe. The test is conducted on three different positions on the pipe: the body, the welding seam, and the heat-affected zone. The results of the test are used to determine the Charpy V-notch impact strength of the pipe. The CVN impact test is an important quality control measure for pipe production, and it is required by the American Petroleum Institute (API) in order to meet its standards.
- DWTT
The DWTT test, or drop-weight tear tests, are specified in the API 5L pipeline production specification. In this test, a large weight is dropped onto a pre-weakened point on a sample of pipe. The resulting fracture is examined to ensure that it meets the requirements for ductile fracture behavior. This test is important because it helps to ensure that pipes will be able to withstand the stress of being transported and installed without breaking. As a result, the DWTT test is an essential part of the quality control process for large diameter line pipes.
- Inspection Frequency for API 5L PSL 1 Line Pipe
- Inspection Frequency for API 5L PSL 2 Line Pipe
