Description
Elbow
Steel pipe elbow is a key parts in a piping system for to change the fluid flow direction. It is used to connect two pipes with same or different nominal diameters, and to make the pipe turn to a certain direction.
According to fluid direction of the pipelines, elbow can be divided into different degrees, such as 45 degree, 90 degree,180 degree, which are most common degrees. Also there has 60 degree and 120 degree, for some special pipelines.
Elbows are split into two groups, if the radius is the same as pipe diameter (Center-to-Face dimension of 1.0 X diameter ), it called Short Radius Elbow (SR elbow) used normally for low pressure and low speed pipelines or in tight areas where clearance is the main issue. If the radius is larger than pipe diameter (Center-to-Face dimension of 1.5 X diameter) then we call it a Long Radius Elbow (LR Elbow) used for high pressure and high flow rate pipelines.
As per the connection with pipe, elbows could be classified as Butt Welded Elbow, Socket Welded Elbow and Threaded Elbow. According to the valve body material, it has stainless steel, carbon steel and alloy steel elbow.
Reducer
Steel pipe reducer is a component used in the pipelines to reduce its size from large to small bore in accordance to the inner diameter.
Reducer Types
There are two types of reducer, concentric reducer and eccentric reducer.
Concentric Reducer Eccentric Reducer
Pipe Reducer Material Types
The reducers can be made of Carbon Steel, Alloy, or Stainless steel and much more.
For Carbon Steel Reducer:
A234 WPB, A420 WPL6, MSS-SP-75 WPHY 42, 46, 52, 56, 60, 65 and 70.
For Stainless Steel Reducer:
ASTM A403 WP 304, 304L, A403, 316, 316L, 317, 317L, 321, 310 and 904L, etc.
For Alloy Pipe Reducer:
A234 WP1, WP5, WP9, WP11, WP22, WP91 etc.
Tee
Types of steel pipe tee
According to branch diameters and functions there are: Equal Tee and Reducing Tee (Reducer Tee)
According to connection types are: Butt Weld Tee, Socket Weld Tee and Threaded Tee
Butt Weld Tee Socket Weld Tee Threaded Tee
According to material types there are: Carbon Steel Pipe Tee, Alloy Steel Tee and Stainless Steel Tee
Applications of Steel Pipe Tee
• Oil and gas transmissions
• Petroleum and Oil refining
• Water treatment systems
• Chemical Industries
• Sanitary tubing
• Power stations
• Machines and equipment
• Heat Exchanger
Cap
Steel Pipe Cap is also called Steel Plug, it usually welded to the pipe end or mounted on the external thread of the pipe end to cover the pipe fittings. The convex cap have several shapes: a hemispherical cap, an elliptical cap, a dish cap, and a spherical cap.
We also use caps to cut off the transition and the connection treat can be butt weld, socket weld and thread connection according to use requirements.
End Caps are used for connecting pipes of different diameters and find wide applications in various chemicals, construction industries, paper, cement & ship builders.
Types for steel pipe cap
Ranges from connection types, there are: Butt weld cap, Socket weld cap
Ranges from material types, there are: Carbon steel pipe cap, Stainless steel cap, Alloy steel cap
Bend
Steel pipe bend is a bending pipe that used to change the pipeline direction. It is similar to pipe elbow, but differently pipe bend is longer than elbow and usually manufactured for the specific needs. 3D and 5D bends are most common use in long pipelines, since they provide better efficiency in changing directions. After that is 6D and 8D bend, as the compensation to complete for small degree change.
Specification
Elbow Specification
|
Nominal
|
Outside Diameter
|
90°Elbows
|
45°Elbows
|
180°Returns
|
|
Pipe Size
|
Long Radius
|
Short Radius
|
Long Radius
|
Long Radius
|
|
(inches)
|
(mm)
|
(inches)
|
Center to Face
|
Center to Face
|
Center to Face
|
Radius
|
Center to Center
|
Back to face
|
|
|
|
|
(inches)
|
(inches)
|
(inches)
|
(inches)
|
(inches)
|
(inches)
|
|
1/2
|
21.3
|
0.84
|
1.5
|
–
|
5/8
|
|
2
|
1.875
|
|
3/4
|
26.7
|
1.05
|
1.125
|
–
|
7/16
|
|
2.25
|
1.6875
|
|
1
|
33.4
|
1.315
|
1.5
|
1
|
7/8
|
|
3
|
2.1875
|
|
1.25
|
42.2
|
1.66
|
1.875
|
1.25
|
1
|
|
3.75
|
2.75
|
|
1.5
|
48.3
|
1.9
|
2.25
|
1.5
|
1.125
|
3
|
4.5
|
3.25
|
|
2
|
60.3
|
2.375
|
3
|
2
|
1.375
|
4
|
6
|
4.1875
|
|
2.5
|
73
|
2.875
|
3.75
|
2.5
|
1.75
|
5
|
7.5
|
5.1875
|
|
3
|
88.9
|
3.5
|
4.5
|
3
|
2
|
6
|
9
|
6.25
|
|
3.5
|
101.6
|
4
|
5.25
|
3.5
|
2.25
|
7
|
10.5
|
7.25
|
|
4
|
114.3
|
4.5
|
6
|
4
|
2.5
|
8
|
12
|
8.25
|
|
5
|
141.3
|
5.563
|
7.5
|
5
|
3.125
|
10
|
15
|
10.3125
|
|
6
|
168.3
|
6.625
|
9
|
6
|
3.75
|
12
|
18
|
12.3125
|
|
8
|
219.1
|
8.625
|
12
|
8
|
5
|
12
|
24
|
16.3125
|
|
10
|
273.1
|
10.75
|
15
|
10
|
6.25
|
15
|
30
|
20.375
|
|
12
|
323.9
|
12.75
|
18
|
12
|
7.5
|
18
|
36
|
24.375
|
Reducer Specification
|
Nominal Pipe Size
|
1/2-1½
|
3-3½
|
4
|
5-8
|
10-18
|
20-24
|
26-30
|
32-48
|
|
Outside Diameter at Bevel(D)
|
+1.6
-0.8
|
1.6
|
1.6
|
+2.4
-1.6
|
+4
-3.2
|
+6.4
-4.8
|
+6.4
-4.8
|
+6.4
-4.8
|
|
Inside Diameter at End
|
0.8
|
1.6
|
1.6
|
1.6
|
3.2
|
4.8
|
+6.4
-4.8
|
+6.4
-4.8
|
|
Overall Length(H)
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
5
|
5
|
|
Wall Thickness(T)
|
Not less than 87.5% of Nominal Wall Thickness
|
Tee Specification
|
Tee Type
|
Equal/Unequal Tee, Cross Tee, Socket Tee, Short Tee, ForgingTee
|
|
Material
|
Carbon Steel--- ASTM A234 WPB/WPC; ANSI B16.9ASTMA105/A106/A53；API 5L GR.B/A671-CC-70/A515-50/A135-A/A179-C
|
|
Stainless Steel--- ASTM 403 304/304L,316/316L316T321317L310S
|
|
Alloy Steel--- ASTM A234 WP1/5/9/11/12/22/91
|
|
Specification
|
NPS from 1/2" to 36'', DN from 15 to 900
|
|
|
WT 2-80mm,SCH 40/80/XXS
|
|
Surface
|
Light Oiling,Black Painting
|
|
Packing
|
Packed in Wood Cabins/Wood Tray
|
Cap Specification
|
Out diameter
|
High size
|
Wall thickness accord to 'E'
|
|
DN
|
NPS
|
E
|
E1
|
E
|
|
15
|
1/2
|
25
|
25
|
3.73
|
|
20
|
3/4
|
25
|
25
|
3.91
|
|
25
|
1
|
38
|
38
|
4.55
|
|
32
|
1 1/4
|
38
|
38
|
4.85
|
|
40
|
1 1/2
|
38
|
38
|
5.08
|
|
50
|
2
|
38
|
44
|
5.54
|
|
65
|
2 1/2
|
38
|
51
|
7.01
|
|
80
|
3
|
51
|
64
|
7.62
|
|
90
|
3 1/2
|
64
|
76
|
8.08
|
|
100
|
4
|
64
|
76
|
8.56
|
|
125
|
5
|
76
|
89
|
9.53
|
|
150
|
6
|
89
|
102
|
10.97
|
|
200
|
8
|
102
|
127
|
12.7
|
|
250
|
10
|
127
|
152
|
12.7
|
|
300
|
12
|
152
|
178
|
12.7
|
|
350
|
14
|
165
|
191
|
12.7
|
|
400
|
16
|
178
|
203
|
12.7
|
|
450
|
18
|
203
|
229
|
12.7
|
|
500
|
20
|
229
|
254
|
12.7
|
|
550
|
22
|
254
|
254
|
12.7
|
|
600
|
24
|
267
|
305
|
12.7
|
|
650
|
26
|
267
|
|
|
|
700
|
28
|
267
|
|
|
|
750
|
30
|
267
|
|
|
|
800
|
32
|
267
|
|
|
|
850
|
34
|
267
|
|
|
|
900
|
36
|
267
|
|
|
|
950
|
38
|
305
|
|
|
|
1000
|
40
|
305
|
|
|
|
1050
|
42
|
305
|
|
|
|
1100
|
44
|
343
|
|
|
|
1150
|
46
|
343
|
|
|
|
1200
|
48
|
343
|
|
|
Size range: 1/2 to 56 inches (DN15 to DN1400)
Pressure: SCH5 to SCH160v
Wall Thickness:sch10, sch20, sch30, std, sch40, sch60, xs, sch80, sch100, sch120, sch140, sch160, xxs, sch5s, sch20s, sch40s, sch80s
Max. wall thickness: 200mm
Bend Specification
Manufacturing standard: AISI B16.49, MSS-SP-75
Material: Carbon steel, Alloy steel, Stainless steel
Material standards: API 5L Grade B, X42, X46, X52, X56, X60, X65, X70, X80 PSL1 & PSL2 & SOUR; ASTM A234 WPB, WPC, WP1, WP5, WP9, WP11, WP22, WP91; ASTM A403 304/304L, 316/316L.
Outer Diameters: 1/2'' to 60''. DN15 to DN1500
Radius range: R=2D, 2.5D, 3D bend, 5D bend, 6D, 8D bend
Degree range: 15°, 22.5°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 90°, 180°and customized
Wall thickness: SCH 10, SCH 40, SCH80
Coatings: Black paint, galvanized, epoxy coated, 3PE, FBE
Standard
ASTM, ANSI, API, etc.
Process
Elbow Process
Reducer Process
Tee Process
Cap Process
Bend Process
Manufacturing Equipment
Packing
Specification
Elbow Specification
|
Nominal
|
Outside Diameter
|
90°Elbows
|
45°Elbows
|
180°Returns
|
|
Pipe Size
|
Long Radius
|
Short Radius
|
Long Radius
|
Long Radius
|
|
(inches)
|
(mm)
|
(inches)
|
Center to Face
|
Center to Face
|
Center to Face
|
Radius
|
Center to Center
|
Back to face
|
|
|
|
|
(inches)
|
(inches)
|
(inches)
|
(inches)
|
(inches)
|
(inches)
|
|
1/2
|
21.3
|
0.84
|
1.5
|
–
|
5/8
|
|
2
|
1.875
|
|
3/4
|
26.7
|
1.05
|
1.125
|
–
|
7/16
|
|
2.25
|
1.6875
|
|
1
|
33.4
|
1.315
|
1.5
|
1
|
7/8
|
|
3
|
2.1875
|
|
1.25
|
42.2
|
1.66
|
1.875
|
1.25
|
1
|
|
3.75
|
2.75
|
|
1.5
|
48.3
|
1.9
|
2.25
|
1.5
|
1.125
|
3
|
4.5
|
3.25
|
|
2
|
60.3
|
2.375
|
3
|
2
|
1.375
|
4
|
6
|
4.1875
|
|
2.5
|
73
|
2.875
|
3.75
|
2.5
|
1.75
|
5
|
7.5
|
5.1875
|
|
3
|
88.9
|
3.5
|
4.5
|
3
|
2
|
6
|
9
|
6.25
|
|
3.5
|
101.6
|
4
|
5.25
|
3.5
|
2.25
|
7
|
10.5
|
7.25
|
|
4
|
114.3
|
4.5
|
6
|
4
|
2.5
|
8
|
12
|
8.25
|
|
5
|
141.3
|
5.563
|
7.5
|
5
|
3.125
|
10
|
15
|
10.3125
|
|
6
|
168.3
|
6.625
|
9
|
6
|
3.75
|
12
|
18
|
12.3125
|
|
8
|
219.1
|
8.625
|
12
|
8
|
5
|
12
|
24
|
16.3125
|
|
10
|
273.1
|
10.75
|
15
|
10
|
6.25
|
15
|
30
|
20.375
|
|
12
|
323.9
|
12.75
|
18
|
12
|
7.5
|
18
|
36
|
24.375
|
Reducer Specification
|
Nominal Pipe Size
|
1/2-1½
|
3-3½
|
4
|
5-8
|
10-18
|
20-24
|
26-30
|
32-48
|
|
Outside Diameter at Bevel(D)
|
+1.6
-0.8
|
1.6
|
1.6
|
+2.4
-1.6
|
+4
-3.2
|
+6.4
-4.8
|
+6.4
-4.8
|
+6.4
-4.8
|
|
Inside Diameter at End
|
0.8
|
1.6
|
1.6
|
1.6
|
3.2
|
4.8
|
+6.4
-4.8
|
+6.4
-4.8
|
|
Overall Length(H)
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
2
|
5
|
5
|
|
Wall Thickness(T)
|
Not less than 87.5% of Nominal Wall Thickness
|
Tee Specification
|
Tee Type
|
Equal/Unequal Tee, Cross Tee, Socket Tee, Short Tee, ForgingTee
|
|
Material
|
Carbon Steel--- ASTM A234 WPB/WPC; ANSI B16.9ASTMA105/A106/A53；API 5L GR.B/A671-CC-70/A515-50/A135-A/A179-C
|
|
Stainless Steel--- ASTM 403 304/304L,316/316L316T321317L310S
|
|
Alloy Steel--- ASTM A234 WP1/5/9/11/12/22/91
|
|
Specification
|
NPS from 1/2" to 36'', DN from 15 to 900
|
|
|
WT 2-80mm,SCH 40/80/XXS
|
|
Surface
|
Light Oiling,Black Painting
|
|
Packing
|
Packed in Wood Cabins/Wood Tray
|
Cap Specification
|
Out diameter
|
High size
|
Wall thickness accord to 'E'
|
|
DN
|
NPS
|
E
|
E1
|
E
|
|
15
|
1/2
|
25
|
25
|
3.73
|
|
20
|
3/4
|
25
|
25
|
3.91
|
|
25
|
1
|
38
|
38
|
4.55
|
|
32
|
1 1/4
|
38
|
38
|
4.85
|
|
40
|
1 1/2
|
38
|
38
|
5.08
|
|
50
|
2
|
38
|
44
|
5.54
|
|
65
|
2 1/2
|
38
|
51
|
7.01
|
|
80
|
3
|
51
|
64
|
7.62
|
|
90
|
3 1/2
|
64
|
76
|
8.08
|
|
100
|
4
|
64
|
76
|
8.56
|
|
125
|
5
|
76
|
89
|
9.53
|
|
150
|
6
|
89
|
102
|
10.97
|
|
200
|
8
|
102
|
127
|
12.7
|
|
250
|
10
|
127
|
152
|
12.7
|
|
300
|
12
|
152
|
178
|
12.7
|
|
350
|
14
|
165
|
191
|
12.7
|
|
400
|
16
|
178
|
203
|
12.7
|
|
450
|
18
|
203
|
229
|
12.7
|
|
500
|
20
|
229
|
254
|
12.7
|
|
550
|
22
|
254
|
254
|
12.7
|
|
600
|
24
|
267
|
305
|
12.7
|
|
650
|
26
|
267
|
|
|
|
700
|
28
|
267
|
|
|
|
750
|
30
|
267
|
|
|
|
800
|
32
|
267
|
|
|
|
850
|
34
|
267
|
|
|
|
900
|
36
|
267
|
|
|
|
950
|
38
|
305
|
|
|
|
1000
|
40
|
305
|
|
|
|
1050
|
42
|
305
|
|
|
|
1100
|
44
|
343
|
|
|
|
1150
|
46
|
343
|
|
|
|
1200
|
48
|
343
|
|
|
Size range: 1/2 to 56 inches (DN15 to DN1400)
Pressure: SCH5 to SCH160v
Wall Thickness:sch10, sch20, sch30, std, sch40, sch60, xs, sch80, sch100, sch120, sch140, sch160, xxs, sch5s, sch20s, sch40s, sch80s
Max. wall thickness: 200mm
Bend Specification
Manufacturing standard: AISI B16.49, MSS-SP-75
Material: Carbon steel, Alloy steel, Stainless steel
Material standards: API 5L Grade B, X42, X46, X52, X56, X60, X65, X70, X80 PSL1 & PSL2 & SOUR; ASTM A234 WPB, WPC, WP1, WP5, WP9, WP11, WP22, WP91; ASTM A403 304/304L, 316/316L.
Outer Diameters: 1/2'' to 60''. DN15 to DN1500
Radius range: R=2D, 2.5D, 3D bend, 5D bend, 6D, 8D bend
Degree range: 15°, 22.5°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 90°, 180°and customized
Wall thickness: SCH 10, SCH 40, SCH80
Coatings: Black paint, galvanized, epoxy coated, 3PE, FBE
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