What are the materials of seamless steel pipe?

Seamless steel pipes are an essential material in the national economy, widely used in construction (steel structure supports, columns), mechanical processing, and pipeline engineering for transporting various fluids and solids, including water, oil, gas, coal, and steam. Due to the diverse application environments, selecting the appropriate material and standard is crucial to ensure safety and cost efficiency.

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Understanding Seamless Steel Pipe Materials

The term “material” refers to the steel grade, such as 20# or 45#, which defines the pipe’s chemical composition and mechanical properties, including tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation. Below is a summary of commonly used seamless steel pipe materials, their corresponding production standards, and typical applications:

GB/T 8162-2018 – Structural Seamless Steel Pipes

Application: General structural engineering, mechanical processing, and construction.

Common Materials: 20#, 45#, Q345B, 40Cr, 42CrMo.

GB/T 8163-2018 – Seamless Steel Pipes for Fluid Transportation

Application: Low-pressure pipeline projects.

Common Materials: 20#, Q345B.

GB/T 3087-2017 – Low and Medium-Pressure Boiler Pipes

Application: Manufacturing superheated steam pipes and boiling water pipes for various boilers.

Common Materials: 10#, 20#, Q355B.

GB/T 5310-2017 – High-Pressure Boiler Pipes

Application: Heating surfaces of high-pressure water-tube boilers.

Common Materials: 20G, 15CrMoG, 12Cr1MoVG.

GB/T 6479-2018 – High-Pressure Pipes for Fertilizer Equipment

Application: Chemical equipment and pipelines operating at -40°C to 400°C and pressures of 10–30MPa.

Common Materials: Q345A-E, 20#, 10MoWvNb, 15CrMo.

GB/T 9948-2013 – Petroleum Cracking Pipes

Application: Furnace tubes, heat exchangers, and refinery pipelines.

Common Materials: 10#, 20#, Q345, 15CrMo.

YB235-70 – Geological Drilling Pipes

Application: Core drilling in geological exploration.

Common Materials: DZ40, DZ50, R780.

GB3423-82 – Seamless Steel Pipes for Diamond Core Drilling

Application: Drill pipes, core rods, and casing for diamond drilling.

YB528-65 – Oil Drilling Pipes

Application: Seamless steel pipes for oil drilling, available with or without threading.

GB5213-85 – Carbon Steel Seamless Pipes for Ships

Application: Shipbuilding, including pressure-resistant piping, boilers, and superheaters.

Common Materials: Carbon and alloy steel (operating temperatures ≤450°C for carbon steel, >450°C for alloy steel).

GB3088-82 – Seamless Pipes for Automobile Half-Shaft Casing

Application: Manufacturing automobile half-shaft casings and drive axle housing tubes.

GB3093-2002 – High-Pressure Diesel Engine Oil Pipes

Application: High-pressure pipes for diesel engine fuel injection systems.

GB8713-88 – Precision Inner Diameter Pipes for Hydraulic and Pneumatic Cylinders

Application: Hydraulic and pneumatic cylinder manufacturing.

GB3639-2000 – Cold Drawn or Cold Rolled Precision Seamless Steel Pipes

Application: Mechanical structures and hydraulic equipment, offering high dimensional accuracy and surface finish.

GB/T 14975-2002 – Stainless Steel Pipes for Structural Use

Application: Chemical, petroleum, textile, medical, food, and machinery industries.

Common Materials: 201, 304, 316.

GB/T 14976-2002 – Stainless Steel Pipes for Fluid Transportation

Application: Transporting fluids in various industries.

Common Materials: 201, 304, 316L, TP304.

Special-Shaped Seamless Steel Pipes

Application: Used in structural components, tools, and machinery for enhanced bending and torsion resistance.

Common Materials: Q235B, 20#, 45#.

GB/T 18984-2003 – Low-Temperature Seamless Steel Pipes

Application: Low-temperature pressure vessels and heat exchanger pipes (-45°C to -195°C).

Common Materials: 16MnDG, Q355D, Q355E.

Conclusion

Choosing the right seamless steel pipe material and standard is essential for ensuring performance, safety, and efficiency in various applications. Understanding their classifications and properties helps in making informed selections for construction, industrial, and engineering needs.