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- Chemical Composition for API 5L Grade B PSL 1 pipe with t ≤ 0.984”
| Steel Grade | Mass fraction, % based on heat and product analyses a,g | ||||||
| C | Mn | P | S | V | Nb | Ti | |
| max b | max b | max | max | max | max | max | |
| Welded Pipe | |||||||
| Grade B | 0.26 | 1.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | c,d | c,d | d |
a. Cu ≤ = 0.50% Ni; ≤ 0.50%; Cr ≤ 0.50%; and Mo ≤ 0.15%,
b. For each reduction of 0.01% below the specified maximum concentration for carbon, an increase of 0.05% above the specified maximum concentration for Mn is permissible, up to a maximum of 1.65% for grades ≥ L245 or B, but ≤ L360 or X52; up to a maximum of 1.75% for grades > L360 or X52, but < L485 or X70; and up to a maximum of 2.00% for grade L485 or X70.,
c. Unless otherwise agreed NB + V ≤ 0.06%,
d. Nb + V + TI ≤ 0.15%,
e. Unless otherwise agreed.,
f. Unless otherwise agreed, NB + V = Ti ≤ 0.15%,
g. No deliberate addition of B is permitted and the residual B ≤ 0.001%
- Chemical Composition for API 5L Grade B PSL 2 Pipe with t ≤ 0.984”
| Steel Grade | Mass fraction, % based on heat and product analyses | Carbon Equiv a | |||||||||
| C | Si | Mn | P | S | V | Nb | Ti | Other | CE IIW | CE Pcm | |
| max b | max | max b | max | max | max | max | max | max | max | ||
| Welded Pipe | |||||||||||
| Grade BM | 0.22 | 0.45 | 1.2 | 0.025 | 0.015 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.04 | e,l | 0.43 | 0.25 |
a. SMLS t>0.787”, CE limits shall be as agreed. The CEIIW limits applied if C > 0.12% and the CEPcm limits apply if C ≤ 0.12%,
b. For each reduction of 0.01% below the specified maximum for C, an increase of 0.05% above the specified maximum for Mn is permissible, up to a maximum of 1.65% for grades ≥ L245 or B, but ≤ L360 or X52; up to a maximum of 1.75% for grades > L360 or X52, but < L485 or X70; up to a maximum of 2.00% for grades ≥ L485 or X70, but ≤ L555 or X80, and up to a maximum of 2.20% for grades > L555 or X80.,
c. Unless otherwise agreed Nb = V ≤ 0.06%,
d. Nb = V = Ti ≤ 0.15%,
e. Unless otherwise agreed, Cu ≤ 0.50%; Ni ≤ 0.30% Cr ≤ 0.30% and Mo ≤ 0.15%,
f. Unless otherwise agreed,
g. Unless otherwise agreed, Nb + V + Ti ≤ 0.15%,
h. Unless otherwise agreed, Cu ≤ 0.50% Ni ≤ 0.50% Cr ≤ 0.50% and MO ≤ 0.50%,
i. Unless otherwise agreed, Cu ≤ 0.50% Ni ≤ 1.00% Cr ≤ 0.50% and MO ≤ 0.50%,
j. B ≤ 0.004%,
k. Unless otherwise agreed, Cu ≤ 0.50% Ni ≤ 1.00% Cr ≤ 0.55%, and MO ≤ 0.80%,
l. For all PSL 2 pipe grades except those grades with footnotes j noted, the following applies. Unless otherwise agreed no intentional addition of B is permitted and residual B ≤ 0.001%.
- Mechanical Properties for API 5L Grade B PSL-1 Pipe
| Pipe Grade | Tensile Properties – Pipe Body of SMLS and Welded Pipes PSL 1 | Seam of Welded Pipe | ||
| Yield Strength a | Tensile Strength a | Elongation | Tensile Strength b | |
| Rt0,5 PSI Min | Rm PSI Min | (in 2in Af % min) | Rm PSI Min | |
| Grade B | 35,500 | 60,200 | c | 60,200 |
| a. For intermediate grade, the difference between the specified minimum tensile strength and the specified minimum yield for the pipe body shall be as given for the next higher grade. | ||||
| b. For the intermediate grades, the specified minimum tensile strength for the weld seam shall be the same as determined for the body using footnote a. | ||||
| c. The specified minimum elongation, Af, expressed in percent and rounded to the nearest percent, shall be determined using the following equation: | ||||
|
||||
| Where C is 1 940 for calculation using Si units and 625 000 for calculation using USC units | ||||
| Axc is the applicable tensile test piece cross-sectional area, expressed in square millimeters (square inches), as follows | ||||
| – For circular cross-section test pieces, 130mm2 (0.20 in2) for 12.7 mm (0.500 in) and 8.9 mm (.350 in) diameter test pieces; and 65 mm2 (0.10 in2) for 6.4 mm (0.250in) diameter test pieces. | ||||
| – For full-section test pieces, the lesser of a) 485 mm2 (0.75 in2) and b) the cross-sectional area of the test piece, derived using the specified outside diameter and the specified wall thickness of the pipe, rounded to the nearest 10 mm2 (0.10in2) | ||||
| – For strip test pieces, the lesser of a) 485 mm2 (0.75 in2) and b) the cross-sectional area of the test piece, derived using the specified width of the test piece and the specified wall thickness of the pipe, rounded to the nearest 10 mm2 (0.10in2) | ||||
| U is the specified minimum tensile strength, expressed in megapascals (pounds per square inch) |
- Mechanical Properties for API 5L Grade B PSL-2 Pipe
| Pipe Grade | Tensile Properties – Pipe Body of SMLS and Welded Pipes PSL 2 | Seam of Welded Pipe | |||||
| Yield Strength a | Tensile Strength a | Ratio a, c | Elongation | Tensile Strength d | |||
| Rt0,5 PSI Min | Rm PSI Min | R10,5IRm | (in 2in) | Rm (psi) | |||
| Af % | |||||||
| Minimum | Maximum | Minimum | Maximum | Maximum | Minimum | Minimum | |
|
Grade
BR, BN, BQ, BM
|
35,500 | 65,300 | 60,200 | 95,000 | 0.93 | f | 60,200 |
| a. For intermediate grade, refer to the full API5L specification. | |||||||
| b. for grades > X90 refers to the full API5L specification. | |||||||
| c. This limit applies for pies with D> 12.750 in | |||||||
| d. For intermediate grades, the specified minimum tensile strength for the weld seam shall be the same value as was determined for the pipe body using foot a. | |||||||
| e. for pipe requiring longitudinal testing, the maximum yield strength shall be ≤ 71,800 psi | |||||||
| f. The specified minimum elongation, Af, expressed in percent and rounded to the nearest percent, shall be determined using the following equation: | |||||||
|
|
|||||||
| Where C is 1 940 for calculation using Si units and 625 000 for calculation using USC units | |||||||
| Axc is the applicable tensile test piece cross-sectional area, expressed in square millimeters (square inches), as follows | |||||||
| – For circular cross-section test pieces, 130mm2 (0.20 in2) for 12.7 mm (0.500 in) and 8.9 mm (.350 in) diameter test pieces; and 65 mm2 (0.10 in2) for 6.4 mm (0.250in) diameter test pieces. | |||||||
| – For full-section test pieces, the lesser of a) 485 mm2 (0.75 in2) and b) the cross-sectional area of the test piece, derived using the specified outside diameter and the specified wall thickness of the pipe, rounded to the nearest 10 mm2 (0.10in2) | |||||||
| – For strip test pieces, the lesser of a) 485 mm2 (0.75 in2) and b) the cross-sectional area of the test piece, derived using the specified width of the test piece and the specified wall thickness of the pipe, rounded to the nearest 10 mm2 (0.10in2) | |||||||
| U is the specified minimum tensile strength, expressed in megapascals (pounds per square inch | |||||||
| g. Lower values fo R10,5IRm may be specified by agreement | |||||||
| h. for grades > x90 refers to the full API5L specification. |
When purchasing an API 5L Grade B line pipe, it is essential to check the size and dimensions of the pipe to ensure that it meets the required standards. The dimensions and masses of API 5L line pipes are specified in ISO 4200 and ASME B36.10M. These standards provide a guide for different size pipes and specify the wall thickness of each size. To check if a pipe meets the required standards, refer to these tables. Doing so will help to ensure that the pipe is the right size and has the correct wall thickness. By taking these precautions, buyers can be sure that they are getting a quality product that meets all the requirements.
| O.D. Tolerance | W.T. Tolerance | ||
| Grade B | |||
| D ＜ 60.3mm | +0.41/-0.40mm | D ＜ 73mm | +20%/-12.5% |
| D ≥ 60.3m | +0.75/-0.40mm | D ≥ 73mm | +20%/-12.5% |
| PSL | Delivery Condition | Pipe Grade |
| PSL-1 | As-rolled, normalizing rolled, thermomechanical rolled, thermo-mechanical formed, normalizing formed, normalized, normalized, and tempered, or if agreed Q&T SMLS only | Grade B |
| PSL-2 | As-rolled | Grade BR |
- Hydrostatic Test
Hydrostatic testing is a way of testing pipes for leaks by filling them with water and pressurizing them. Hydrostatic tests are usually performed on newly manufactured pipes, or after repair work has been carried out on existing pipes. The test involves filling the pipe with water and then pressurizing it to a specified level. The pressure is then held for a while while the pipe is monitored for leaks. If any leaks are detected, the weld seam or pipe body may need to be repaired or replaced. Hydrostatic testing is an important part of the manufacturing process for steel pipes, as it helps to ensure that the finished product is safe and fit for its purpose.
- Bending Test
The bending test is a necessary part of the production process for the API 5L line pipe. This test ensures that the steel pipe being produced is of the highest quality and crack-free. To perform the test, a sample of the pipe is placed in a bending machine. The machine then applies pressure to the sample until it reaches the point of fracture. The amount of pressure required to break the pipe is recorded and compared to industry standards. If the pipe meets or exceeds the standards, it is considered suitable for use in API 5L line pipe production. However, if the pipe breaks at a lower pressure than expected, there are likely cracks present in the weld seam. In this case, the pipe will be rejected and recycled.
- Flattening Test
The flattening test during API 5L line pipe production is a way of crack detection. A sample of the steel pipe is flattened between two plates and then examined for cracks. The test is conducted on welds, as well as on the body of the pipe. Deformation during the flattening process is monitored in both longitudinal and circumferential directions. The test is considered to pass/fail based on the number and size of cracks that are observed.
- CVN Impact Test
During the impact test for API 5L line pipe production, steel samples are taken from three positions: the pipe body, the welding seam, and the heat-affected zone. The impact test is performed at each position. The results of the impact tests are used to assess the suitability of the steel for use in pipeline construction. The impact tests help to ensure that the steel will be able to withstand the forces that will be applied to it during operation. In addition, the tests can also provide information about the weldability of the steel and its resistance to crack propagation. As a result, the impact test is an essential part of the quality control process for API 5L line pipe production.
- DWT Test for PSL-2 Welded Pipe
The DWTT test is an essential quality control measure during the production of large diameter steel pipes. Also known as the drop-weight tear test, this method is used to evaluate a pipe’s resistance to fracture under impact loading. The test is specified in the industry-standard API 5L specification for steel line pipe. In a DWTT test, a weight is dropped onto the end of a pipe to create an impact load. The resulting fracture is then inspected to determine the energy required to propagate the crack. This information can be used to evaluate the toughness of the pipe material and identify any manufacturing defects. The DWTT test is just one of many quality control measures used during pipe production, but it is an important one that helps to ensure the safety and reliability of steel line pipes.
