Low-temperature piping systems require materials that maintain excellent toughness, strength, and dimensional stability under sub-zero operating conditions. Industries such as LNG, petrochemical processing, industrial gases, cryogenic storage, and low-temperature power applications rely on specially designed seamless steel pipes to ensure safe and reliable operation.
At Union Steel Industry, we manufacture and supply a comprehensive range of low-temperature seamless steel pipes that comply with international standards. Our products are engineered for excellent impact toughness, weldability, and corrosion resistance, making them suitable for demanding cryogenic environments.
What Is a Low-Temperature Seamless Steel Pipe?
A low-temperature seamless steel pipe is manufactured from specially designed carbon steel or alloy steel capable of maintaining high impact toughness at temperatures far below freezing.
Compared with conventional carbon steel, low-temperature steel offers:
Excellent low-temperature toughness
High structural strength
Good dimensional stability
Low thermal expansion coefficient
Reliable weldability
Long service life in cryogenic environments
These characteristics make low-temperature seamless pipes ideal for LNG transportation, industrial gas processing, refrigeration systems, and low-temperature pressure vessels.
Typical Low-Temperature Applications
According to the source material, different grades are designed for different cryogenic media and service temperatures.
Typical applications include:
LNG terminals
LPG storage and transportation
Liquid oxygen systems
Liquid nitrogen systems
Liquid hydrogen systems
Liquid ammonia systems
Ethylene plants
Propylene facilities
Cryogenic storage tanks
Low-temperature pressure pipelines
ASTM Low-Temperature Steel Grades
The following ASTM grades are listed in the source material.
|
Grade
|
Typical Service Temperature
|
|
Gr.1 / Gr.6
|
Around -30°C
|
|
Gr.10
|
Around -60°C
|
|
Gr.7 / Gr.9
|
Around -90°C
|
|
Gr.3 / Gr.4
|
Around -120°C
|
|
Gr.8 / Gr.11
|
Up to approximately -200°C
|
GB Low-Temperature Steel Grades
The source material also lists the following Chinese standard grades.
|
Grade
|
|
16MnDG
|
|
10MnDG
|
|
09DG
|
|
09Mn2VDG
|
|
06Ni3MoDG
|
|
09MnD
|
|
09MnNiD
|
These grades are widely used for low-temperature vessels, cryogenic equipment, LNG infrastructure, and industrial gas transportation systems.
Chemical Composition of ASTM Low-Temperature Steel
The following table is reproduced from the provided source.
|
Grade
|
C
|
Si
|
Mn
|
P
|
S
|
Cr
|
Ni
|
Mo
|
Cu
|
Al
|
V
|
Nb
|
Co
|
|
Gr.1
|
≤0.30
|
—
|
0.40–1.06
|
≤0.025
|
≤0.025
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
|
Gr.3
|
≤0.19
|
0.18–0.37
|
0.31–0.64
|
≤0.025
|
≤0.025
|
—
|
3.18–3.82
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
|
Gr.4
|
≤0.12
|
0.08–0.37
|
0.50–1.05
|
≤0.025
|
≤0.025
|
0.44–1.01
|
0.47–0.98
|
—
|
0.40–0.75
|
0.40–0.30
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
|
Gr.6
|
≤0.30
|
≥0.10
|
0.29–1.06
|
≤0.025
|
≤0.025
|
≤0.30
|
≤0.40
|
≤0.12
|
≤0.40
|
—
|
≤0.08
|
≤0.02
|
—
|
|
Gr.7
|
≤0.19
|
0.13–0.32
|
≤0.90
|
≤0.025
|
≤0.025
|
—
|
2.03–2.57
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
|
Gr.8
|
≤0.13
|
0.13–0.32
|
≤0.90
|
≤0.025
|
≤0.025
|
—
|
8.40–9.60
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
|
Gr.9
|
≤0.20
|
—
|
0.40–1.06
|
≤0.025
|
≤0.025
|
—
|
1.60–2.24
|
—
|
0.75–1.25
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
|
Gr.10
|
≤0.20
|
0.10–0.35
|
1.15–1.50
|
≤0.035
|
≤0.015
|
≤0.15
|
≤0.25
|
≤0.05
|
≤0.15
|
≤0.06
|
≤0.12
|
≤0.05
|
—
|
|
Gr.11
|
≤0.10
|
≤0.35
|
≤0.60
|
≤0.025
|
≤0.025
|
≤0.50
|
35.0–37.0
|
≤0.50
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
≤0.50
|
Source note: For Gr.6, when the carbon content is below 0.30%, the manganese content may be increased by 0.05% for every 0.01% reduction in carbon, up to a maximum of 1.35%.
Chemical Composition of GB Low-Temperature Steel
|
Grade
|
C
|
Si
|
Mn
|
P
|
S
|
Ni
|
V
|
Als
|
Others
|
Standard
|
|
16MnDG
|
0.12–0.20
|
0.20–0.60
|
1.20–1.60
|
≤0.025
|
≤0.025
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
—
|
GB/T 18984
|
|
10MnDG
|
≤0.13
|
0.17–0.37
|
≤1.35
|
≤0.025
|
≤0.025
|
—
|
≤0.07
|
≥0.015
|
—
|
GB/T 18984
|
|
09DG
|
≤0.12
|
0.17–0.37
|
≤0.95
|
≤0.025
|
≤0.025
|
—
|
≤0.07
|
≥0.015
|
—
|
GB/T 18984
|
|
09Mn2VDG
|
≤0.12
|
0.17–0.37
|
≤1.85
|
≤0.025
|
≤0.025
|
—
|
≤0.12
|
—
|
—
|
GB/T 18984
|
|
06Ni3MoDG
|
≤0.08
|
0.17–0.37
|
≤0.85
|
≤0.025
|
≤0.025
|
2.5–3.7
|
≤0.05
|
≥0.020
|
Mo: 0.15–0.30
|
GB/T 18984
|
|
09MnD
|
≤0.12
|
0.15–0.35
|
1.15–1.50
|
≤0.020
|
≤0.010
|
—
|
—
|
≥0.015
|
—
|
GB 150
|
|
09MnNiD
|
≤0.12
|
0.15–0.50
|
1.20–1.60
|
≤0.020
|
≤0.010
|
0.30–0.80
|
—
|
≥0.015
|
Nb ≤0.04
|
GB 150
|
Manufacturing at Union Steel Industry
At Union Steel Industry, low-temperature seamless steel pipes are produced using advanced manufacturing technologies and comprehensive quality control procedures.
Our production capabilities include:
Premium steel billet selection
Hot rolling and cold finishing
Controlled heat treatment
Straightening
Ultrasonic Testing (UT)
Eddy Current Testing (ET)
Chemical composition analysis
Mechanical property testing
Charpy V-notch impact testing
Dimensional and surface inspection
Each pipe is manufactured to ensure reliable performance under demanding cryogenic operating conditions.
Why Choose Union Steel Industry?
Union Steel Industry provides high-quality low-temperature seamless steel pipes for customers worldwide.
Our advantages include:
Wide range of ASTM and GB low-temperature grades
Advanced seamless pipe manufacturing facilities
Strict chemical and mechanical testing
Comprehensive cryogenic impact testing
International quality management system
Custom dimensions and specifications
Global export experience
FAQ
What is a low-temperature seamless steel pipe?
It is a seamless steel pipe designed to maintain toughness and strength in sub-zero and cryogenic service conditions.
Which industries use low-temperature steel pipes?
LNG, petrochemical, industrial gas, cryogenic storage, power generation, and refrigeration industries.
Which standards does Union Steel Industry supply?
We supply low-temperature seamless pipes manufactured to ASTM, ASME, GB, EN, JIS, and other international standards according to customer requirements.
Conclusion
Low-temperature seamless steel pipes play a critical role in ensuring the safety and reliability of cryogenic systems. Selecting the appropriate steel grade based on service temperature and process medium is essential for long-term performance.
At Union Steel Industry, we combine advanced manufacturing technology, rigorous inspection procedures, and international production standards to provide dependable low-temperature seamless steel pipe solutions for energy, LNG, petrochemical, and industrial gas projects worldwide.
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