ASTM A106 ASME SA106 seamless steel pipe

ASTM A106 and ASME SA106 standards apply to seamless carbon steel pipes intended for high-temperature service. These pipes are widely used in oil and gas refineries, power generation facilities, petrochemical plants, industrial boilers, and marine systems, where they are required to transport high-temperature, high-pressure fluids and gases safely and efficiently.

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Available Specifications of ASTM A106 ASME SA106 Seamless Steel Pipe

American Piping Products provides a comprehensive inventory of ASTM A106 / ASME SA106 seamless pipes in the following configurations:

Grades: B and C

Outer Diameter (OD): NPS ¼” to 36”

Wall Thickness: SCH 20 to XXH

Maximum Wall Thickness: Up to 5.500″

Scope of Application of ASTM A106 ASME SA106 Seamless Steel Pipe

ASTM A106 / ASME SA106 standards cover seamless carbon steel nominal wall pipes designed for elevated temperature service. These pipes are suitable for:

Bending

Flanging

Welding

Other forming operations

For NPS 1½” and below, pipes may be hot finished or cold drawn.

For NPS 2” and above, pipes are typically hot finished, unless specified otherwise by the customer.

Manufacturing Process of ASTM A106 ASME SA106 Seamless Steel Pipe

Pipes must be made from killed steel, ensuring a uniform microstructure and reduced gas porosity.

The steel may be produced using open-hearth, basic oxygen furnace, or electric furnace methods, optionally followed by degassing or secondary refining.

Ingot casting or continuous strand casting methods are both permitted.

Hot-finished pipes do not require further heat treatment.

Cold-drawn pipes must be heat treated after the final drawing pass to restore ductility and relieve stress.

Chemical Requirements of ASTM A106 ASME SA106 Seamless Steel Pipe

Total of Cr, Cu, Mo, Ni, and V shall not exceed 1%

Permissible Variations in Wall Thickness

The minimum wall thickness at any point shall not be more than 12.5% under the nominal wall thickness specified.

Permissible Variations in Weights per Foot

Weight of any length shall not vary more than 10% over and 3.5% under that specified. NOTE — NPS 4 and smaller — weighed in lots. Larger sizes shall be weighed separately by length.

Permissible Variations in Outside Diameter

It is industry standard for steel pipe mills to produce A106 pipe to the same OD tolerance of A53 pipe, with a +/- 1% OD tolerance.

Tensile Requirements of ASTM A106 ASME SA106 Seamless Steel Pipe

Hydrostatic Testing

Inspection test pressures produce a stress in the pipe wall equal to 60% of specified minimum yield strength (SMYS) at room temperature. Maximum Pressures are not to exceed 2500 psi for NPS3 and must stay under 2800 psi for the larger sizes. Pressure is maintained for not less than 5 seconds.

Mechanical Tests Specified of ASTM A106 ASME SA106 Seamless Steel Pipe

Tensile Test — NPS 8 and larger — either transverse or longitudinal acceptable Smaller than NPS 8 — weighed in lots. Larger sizes — by length. Flattening Test — NPS 2-1/2 and larger. Bending Test (Cold) — NPS 2 and under.

Pipe Length Requirements

Specified Lengths
Pipe lengths must be clearly stated when placing the order. Unless otherwise agreed, jointers (welded extensions) are not permitted.

Default Lengths (if not specified):

Single Random Length (SRL): 17′ to 24′ (approx. 5.2 m to 7.3 m)

Double Random Length (DRL): 36′ to 44′ (approx. 11.0 m to 13.4 m)

Required Markings for Each Pipe

Each individual pipe, or tag (if bundled), must be marked by rolling, stamping, or stenciling (manufacturer’s option) with the following information:

Manufacturer’s name or registered trademark

Pipe length

Specification and grade (e.g., A106 A, A106 B, or A106 C)

Applicable ANSI schedule number

Hydrostatic test pressure and/or NDE (Non-Destructive Examination) results

Weight per foot (for pipes NPS 4 and above), or “NH” if not applicable

An additional “S” marking if the pipe meets supplementary testing requirements

Referenced Standards and Specifications

The following documents and standards are referenced in conjunction with ASTM A106/ASME SA106:

ASTM A530 / A530M – General requirements for specialized carbon and alloy steel pipe

ASTM E213 – Ultrasonic examination of metal pipe and tubing

ASTM E309 – Eddy current inspection of steel tubes using magnetic saturation

ASTM E381 – Macroetch testing for steel bars, billets, blooms, and forgings

ASTM E570 – Flux leakage testing of ferromagnetic steel tubes

ASME B36.10M – Dimensions for welded and seamless wrought steel pipe

General Information of ASTM A106 ASME SA106 Seamless Steel Pipe

Orders for material under this specification should include the following, as required, to describe the desired material adequately: