Tecnología de operación de carcasa de aceite

La tubería de revestimiento de petróleo se utiliza principalmente para transportar petróleo y gas natural desde el fondo del pozo hasta la superficie y desempeña un papel vital en el proceso de perforación. Hoy, Union Steel le presentará en detalle la tecnología de operación de carcasas de petróleo.

1) Preparación antes de colocar la tripa:

1. Compruebe si las zapatas flotantes, los aros flotantes, las uniones de hebilla variable, los aros graduados, las uniones macho dobles, las cabezas de hongo, las uniones socavadas y las uniones superiores se pueden usar normalmente, si las hebillas roscadas están calificadas y realice una conexión de prueba en el suelo.

2. Prepare los datos de la carcasa de acuerdo con los requisitos del aviso de colocación de la carcasa. Los datos de carcasa deben compararse de tres maneras: con los datos de la Parte A, con el número de clasificación del sitio y con la cantidad restante de carcasa.

3. Verifique y prepare las herramientas utilizadas para correr el casing: abrazaderas de casing, elevadores de casing, correas de elevación de casing, grasa selladora de casing, líneas de lechada, líneas de lodo de boca de pozo, "tapas grandes" para proteger la caja, etc.

4. Verifique y reemplace el núcleo del ariete de 5 1/2 pulgadas, retire la manga resistente al desgaste, coloque la junta de circulación en el piso de perforación, coloque la junta de circulación y la junta de emergencia en el piso de perforación y haga funcionar el revestimiento cuando el El puerto ordinario no devuelve barro. Cuando la abrazadera se desborde, conecte rápidamente el tubo Kelly y la junta de emergencia. (Nota: cada vez que conecte una junta de accidente, primero debe conectar la junta de accidente a la carcasa y luego conectar el Kelly para evitar que el Kelly rompa la rosca de la carcasa).

5. Deseche el agujero para ratas y reemplácelo con un agujero para ratas con carcasa limpia.

6. Two mud pumps. One pump is equipped with a 170*1 cylinder liner for jacking, a 170*2 cylinder liner is used for circulation (replace the mud if necessary), and the other pump is equipped with a 160*3 cylinder liner for solidification wells. , large displacement circulation after reaching the well.

2) Casing operation

1. The hoisting pipes should be hoisted one by one. When hoisting, pay attention to the conditions of people around you. Standard lifting straps must be used.

2. The drill floor protection lines are strung together with ropes and lowered with a pneumatic winch. It is strictly prohibited to throw directly to avoid injury.

3. When connecting accessories, be sure to apply sealing grease to prevent damage caused by incorrect buckling.

4. During the casing running process, when the operation is stopped due to equipment maintenance, casing replacement, mud filling, etc., the casing should be moved up and down to prevent the casing from getting stuck.

5. When tightening the casing clamp, it must be aligned before tightening. It is strictly forbidden to force makeup after making mistakes. The buckling torque meets the standard requirements. After buckling incorrectly, check whether the buckle is damaged. If there is any problem, throw it away and replace it. If the buckle torque reaches maximum and three or more buckles are still present, remove the sleeve and replace it. If the buckle is tightened and tightened twice, the maximum torque is still not reached. , the casing comes off and is replaced.

6. The speed should be controlled during the casing running process. The running speed of each casing should not exceed 30 seconds to prevent formation leakage.

7. It is required to grout 10 pieces at a time, which must be filled every time; the casing must be moved during grouting to prevent casing accidents. Grouting must continue after the casing enters the stable section. It is strictly prohibited to use mud pumps for grouting to prevent pipelines from being thrown out and injuring people. (In special circumstances, if a mud pump is used, the protective rope or protective chain must be tightened)

8. During the casing running process, a dedicated person must be on duty to observe whether there is leakage (the mud will not leak). There is no backflow after running the casing) and overflow phenomenon (the mud flows back after the casing is not running).

9. After the shell is installed, check whether the number of remaining shells is correct.

10. After placing the casing, grout once and then start the pump. The casing must be moved when filling with mud.

11. The threaded button of the fixed sealing mushroom head should be in place and should be placed in the center when lowered into the wellhead to prevent scratching the rubber of the mushroom head.

12. After running the casing, first set the seal and check whether the gate switch is correct, then start the pump to circulate through the side diversion. After the circulation is normal, cement the well.

13. Basic principles:

(1) If the thread is not clean, it cannot be screwed on; if the casing number is incorrect, the elevator will not be able to lift; if the elevator is not tightened, it will not be lifted;

(2) The buckling should be stable to prevent cross-tying; the wellhead operation should be careful to prevent falling objects inside and outside the casing; drill in large quantities; fill mud according to regulations to prevent the casing from being crushed; unified command must be unified when running casing to prevent the casing from being crushed. damage and injuries, and ensure safe construction.

3) Abnormal situation handling and preventive measures

1. When encountering resistance, it is strictly forbidden to lift or press hard. Carry out mud circulation immediately, open the small displacement jacking valve, and then conduct large displacement circulation according to the changes in pump pressure, and record the changes in pump pressure and suspended weight.

2. If jamming occurs, the casing should be moved immediately and the lift should not exceed 5 tons to prevent damage to the casing due to instability of the soft rod. After gluing, immediately report to the resident staff and company supervisor whether oil soaking is needed.

3. Si se produce un desbordamiento, se debe cerrar el pozo inmediatamente, se debe conectar la junta de circulación, se debe informar del pozo al personal estacionado en el pozo y al supervisor de la empresa, se deben tomar medidas para cerrar el pozo y la carcasa. La operación debe continuar después de que se estabilice la capa de gas.